Design of biobased supply chains on a life cycle basis: A bi-objective optimization model and a case study of biobased polyethylene terephthalate (PET)

Bioplastics are considered a sustainable alternative to (partly) substitute fossil-based plastics. Nevertheless, it is still uncertain if the use of biomass for production bioplastics can mitigate environmental impact plastics and simultaneously provide economic benefits. An optimization model proposed design biobased supply chain networks that account (total costs) (greenhouse gas emissions) criteria. Life cycle costing life assessment were used evaluate costs polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using sugar beet wheat as feedstock. The 100% PET evidenced higher than 30% production. feedstock selection played key role, whereas both had highest greenhouse emissions. It highlighted performance terephthalic acid (PTA) production, (sugar beet), carbon tax scenario (>100 €/t CO2) parameters designing chain.